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P. 4
Straight
Up
A Portal to space Combustion Chamber and
Like Rockets and Rocket engines? Well, rocket nozzle
you come to the right place. This section is The heat and pressure inside the
dedicated for everything rocket engines. combustion chamber of a rocket engine is
Every week we will explore different rocket converted into kinetic energy. This done
engines and learn how they work and why using a convergent-divergent nozzle. The
they were designed in such a way. This nozzle converts hot subsonic high pressure
week we will learn about the basic into cooler supersonic lower pressure gas.
requirements and principles you must know The challenge here is to get the pressure
before we dive deeper into the world of and temperature inside of the engine as high
rocket engines. as possible all while managing the heat.
Functioning Heat and pressure give high performance,
but can be difficult to contain and manage.
Newton's 3rd law of motion dictates how a Generally speaking, the higher the
rocket engine functions: temperature inside the combustion chamber,
"For every action there is an equal and the better, as heat is proportional to energy.
opposite reaction".
Principle
So, an engine expels some mass out of At this point, we have to introduce the term
one end, the result is that the whole vehicle Enthalpy. Enthalpy is the sum of all energy
propels itself in the opposite direction. The that a system contains specifically the
faster and more matter that the engine enthalpy is the volume times the pressure plus
expels; the greater the efficiency and the its internal energy. The internal energy in this
higher the thrust, the more thrust that the case consists of heat and microscopic kinetic
engine produces, the more payload the energy. The higher the enthalpy in the system,
rocket can deliver. the more potential it has to perform work.
Exhaust Gas Velocity Another important rule to know is that high
pressure always flows to low pressure. In the
The Speed at which the exhaust comes out
of the nozzle is called Exhaust Gas case of rocket engines, it means that the goal
is to have high pressure in the combustion
Velocity. This velocity not only correlates to
the thrust that the vehicle generates but chamber that is to expel the exhaust gases as
fast as possible. So those were the basic
also correlates with the efficiency of the
engine. The faster the engine pushes the concepts we needed to learn for now. In the
next edition, we will explore on the different
exhaust gas out of the nozzle, the more engine cycles.
efficient the engine is.
Photons are basic units of light. They are made in the center of the
star and will travel for millions of years before they reach the Earth. If
you put your finger over a star in the sky, you are preventing
photons that have traveled to Earth undistributed for millions of
years from finally entering your eye.
- Ansab Ameen PU
(B.Tech I Yr,CFIS)
Space Explorer 2022 4
